Teeth: 10 Diseases & Their Treatment
The enamel, dentin, pulp, and cementum are the various layers that make up teeth. The tooth’s exterior is covered in enamel, the body’s hardest substance. Dentin, which is softer than enamel and makes up the second layer, and pulp, which is the tooth’s deepest layer and is made up of nerves and blood vessels, make up the pulp. Under the gums, cementum is located on the tooth’s root. The number and sorts of teeth an individual has changes as they age. The primary, or baby teeth, and the permanent, or adult teeth, are the two sets of teeth that most people have throughout their lives. We examine the functions of both children’s and adults’ teeth in this article.
How many teeth are there in humans?
There are 32 permanent teeth in most adults. However, some people are born with extra teeth (hypertonia) and others with missing teeth (hypodontia). Most kids have 20 essential teeth that fill in (emit) between the ages of 4 months old and 6 years of age. These are your baby teeth, which will eventually fall out to make room for your adult teeth, which are permanent.
What are the four sorts of teeth?
We have a variety of teeth, and each one has a crucial function. There are four sorts of extremely durable teeth in people:
- Incisors
- Canines
- Premolars
- Molars
Incisors:
Your incisors are the teeth in your mouth that are easiest to see. The upper jaw has four incisors, and the lower jaw has four. These include the teeth on either side of your front two teeth. Each incisor has a single, sharp edge that helps you bite into food.
Canines:
Canine teeth get their name since they look like a canine’s teeth. They’re pointier than different kinds of teeth. The majority of people have four canine teeth, one in each quadrant (upper right, lower right, and lower left). Canine teeth assist you with attacking food varieties like meat and crunchy vegetables. Canines are sometimes referred to as “eye teeth” due to their position directly under your eyes.
Premolars:
Premolars, also known as bicuspids, are the teeth that are between your canines and molars, which are the teeth in the back of your mouth. Premolar teeth share characteristics with molars and canines. You can use them to break food into smaller pieces, crush it, and grind it.
Molars:
Your molar teeth are in the specific back of your mouth. About 90% of your chewing takes place here. Twelve molar teeth, three in each quadrant, make up most adults. Third molars, also known as wisdom teeth, are molar teeth. Along these lines, assuming that you’ve had your insight teeth eliminated, or on the other hand in the event that you were brought into the world without them, you most likely have eight molars through and through. Molars are useful for crushing and grinding food because they are your primary chewing teeth.
Functions of teeth
How are teeth used?
To cut, tear, mix, and grind your food into smaller pieces, each tooth works in unison. The food is then formed into a small, easy-to-swallow ball by your tongue and oropharynx, which are located in the upper part of your throat.
The tooth's construction:
Articulating surfaces The purpose of the articulating surfaces on the crown’s uppermost portion is to accommodate the tooth’s function. Therefore, the premolars and molars have cusps, pits, and fissures that are able to grind and mash a mouthful of food so that it is edible, whereas the anterior teeth, from the right canine to the left canine, have a single incisive edge that can clamp down upon and tear away at a piece of food.
Problems with Teeth
1. Toothache:
Warm water rinses, flossing to remove food stuck between teeth, and taking an over-the-counter painkiller can all be helpful.
2. Cavities:
These little holes in your teeth are bad news. They occur when a sticky bacteria known as plaque builds up on your teeth and gradually eats away at the hard outer shell known as enamel.
3. Dental Impairment:
A grown-up tooth that doesn’t come in as expected is “affected.” The majority of the time, it occurs when a tooth gets stuck in another tooth, bone, or soft tissue.
4. A lot of teeth:
Normally, a grown-up will typically have from 28 to 32 teeth. Hypertonia, on the other hand, refers to the rare condition in which some people have additional teeth. Individuals who have it might likewise encounter another condition, like congenital fissure or Gardner’s disorder (growths development however not disease). For this condition, orthodontics and tooth extraction are the treatment options.
Treatment
1. Processes with fluoride:
A fluoride treatment can help restore your tooth’s enamel and sometimes reverse a cavity in its early stages if it just started. More fluoride is found in professional fluoride treatments than in toothpaste, mouth rinses, and tap water. Treatments with fluoride can be applied by brushing, using a small tray that fits over your teeth, or by using varnish, gel, foam, or liquid.
2. Coverings:
The most common treatment option is fillings, also known as restorations. Dental amalgam, which is a mixture of several materials, or tooth-colored composite resin or porcelain, are two examples of filling materials.
3. Extractions of teeth:
Some teeth develop severe decay to the point where they cannot be restored and must be extracted. When a tooth is extracted, a gap can form, allowing your other teeth to shift. Consider getting a dental implant or a bridge to replace the missing tooth if at all possible.
4. Crowns made of artificial teeth:
Placing an artificial tooth crown on a tooth with a cavity is another way to treat it. A crown shaped like the original tooth is placed over the decayed portion of the tooth after it is drilled out. Dental cement holds this crown, which can be made of porcelain, ceramic, gold, or glass, to the tooth.
Analysis
Your dental specialist ordinarily can identify tooth rot by:
- Asking about tooth sensitivity and pain.
- Observing your teeth and the interior of your mouth.
- Using dental instruments to poke your teeth to look for soft spots.
- Examining dental X-rays, which can pinpoint the locations of cavities and decay.
Stopping tooth decay:
While tooth decay is one of the conditions that affect children and adults the most frequently, it can be easily avoided. The following are some ways to avoid tooth decay:
- Use fluoride-containing toothpaste at least twice a day to brush your teeth. Ideally, brush after every dinner and particularly prior to heading to sleep.
- Avoid snacking and eat meals that are balanced and nutritious. Candy, pretzels, and chips are all examples of carbohydrates that can remain on the tooth surface. Brush your teeth immediately following the consumption of sticky foods.
- If you want to use extra fluoride, which makes your teeth stronger, talk to your dentist first.